Telautograph



No. 617,890. Patented 1.an.'17',-|a99. a. s. TIFFANY.

TELAUTOGRAPH.

(Application filed my 29, 1896. Rnewed Feb. 11, 1898.)

(No Model.) {sheets-sheet l.

N N I HI I 'l l l l gags/1L" I ff erifir No; 617,890. Patented Ian. l7, I899.

G. S. TIFFANY.

TELAUTOGBAPH.

(Application filed Kay 29, 1896. Renewed Feb. 11, 1898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No llndel.)

UNITED STATES PATENT Erica.

GEORGE s. TIFFANY, or HIGHLAND PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE GRAY NATIONAL TELAUTOGRAPII COMPANY, or. RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

'T ELAUTOG'RAPH. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,890, dated January 17, 1899. Application iiled May 29, 1896. Renewed February 11,1898. Serial No. 669,975. [No model.)

To aZZ whom it 12mg concern.-

lie it known that I, GEORGE S. TIFFANY, a

citizen of the United States, residing at High two angular directions are transmuted into impulses of successivelylike polarity, the reversal of the direction of movement of the transniittingpen, however, reversing the pe- V larity of the impulses, said impulses of like polarity being transmuted into pulsations of successively opposite polarity, by which the movements of the receiving-pen in extent are controlled. This transmutation of the impulses sent from the transmitter into pulsations of successively opposite polarity may ting-pen carried by the pen-arms 1 2. line-circuit passes fr om the divided battery be effected in a variety of ways .by induction. In this application I describe the method of securingit by means of the application of the principle of a Wheatstone bridge.

In the drawings annexed to this specification, Figure 1 is, a diagram of the circuits of the transmitting instrument, and Fig. 2 is a diagram of the circuits of the receiving instrument.

In the drawings, A is the usual transmit- The Z to wire a, contact-spring 3, plate 4 of mastor-switch 5, wires a a to Prony brake 6, wire a" to interrupter-lever 7, wire a resistance R, wire a to left line L L. In this'position of the transmitting instrument, therefore, a positive current of minimum strength is sent to line. When the platen S is depressed, the

- current in the sainc positions of the Prony brake and interrupter passes from 'wire a to. contact-spring 9, contact 10, and thence through platen -support 11 to wire a and toline, producing an impulse of maximum strength. When the Pron y brake moves from its stop 12 to its stop 13, owing to a reversal '5o iuthe direction of movement of the transmitting-pen, the current flows from the other half Z of the battery through wire b,eontact .1 plate oflthe maste'r-switch,,wires 11 b Pron y brake, wire a*, interrupter, wire a, &c., sending a negative currentto line,the strength of the current being dependent upon the position of the platen. When the interrupter moves from its contact-point 16 to its backstop 17, the current is shifted to wire 0 and passes through-the resistance B, when the platen is depressed, through contact-spring 18, contact 19, platen-support 11; and wire a to line; When the platen is in the elevated position, as shown, this branch is broken and no current is sent to line. The purposes of these varying strengths and of the interruption of the circuit will be stated hereinafter.

The circuits of the right line are as follows:

' from batteryZ throughwire a, contact-spring 3, plate 4, wire a, wire d, Prony brake 6', wire d, interrupter 7, wire 01*, master-switch, and right line R L, sending apositive impulse. When the Prony brake moves from its con tact 12 to its contact 13, owing to reversal in the direction of movement of the transm 5 ting-pen, the right-line circuit is closed flour battery Z through Wire b, spring 14, wire 1), wire 6, Prony brake 6 wire cl", wire d to R L, sending a negative impulse to line, the current strength being in each of these two cases at its maximum. Vthen the interrupter 7 moves from its contact 16' to its back-stop 17, the current is diverted fromv the Prony brake through resistance R and thence to line, as before, the impulse being of either polarity, according to the position of the Prony brake, and of a minimum-strength, being reduced by the resistance R.

Referring now toFig. 2, the left-line circuit enters the receiving instrument, divides at 20, and passes in one branch through non-inductive resistance R to point 21, magnet F to point22, where it unites with the other branch, which passes from point 20 through the coils of relay'I to point 23, thence through non-inductive resistance R to point 22. From the point 22 the circuit passes through wires ff to ground. Intermediate between the points branches of the main-line circuit-is placed 21 and 23-z'-. 6., in a bridge between the two the magnet D, controlling the escapenient' mechanism. The magnet 1" controls the reversing mechanism.

The two branches of the main line between I the points 20 and 22, together with the cross connection through magnet.D,constitutc a \Vheatstonc bridge, in each of the four sides of which is an equal resistance, the n0n-inductivc resistance R" R" having fifty ohms, the relay I having a like resistance, and the coils of magnet F having each a resistance of twenty-five ohms. IVere a continuous current of one polarity to pass through this arransrcmcntof circuits and resistances the current would speedily recover its equilibrium after the completion of the circuit, and an equal amount of the current would flow through each branch between the points 20 anc 22, and no current would pass through the magnet 1). The condition of equilibrium is, however, disturbed by each making and breaking of the circuit with the following results: Vhen the circuit is closed, as the current increases in intcnsityin the coils of the relay I a counter clectromotive force is de veloped by this relay which is equivalent to an added resistance in the path 20 23, while at the same time a counter electromotive force is developed by the magnet F which is equivalent to an added resistance in the path 21-22. Consequently the major part of the current is diverted from the point 20 into the path 20 2]., thence through the bridge and magnet 1) to the point 23, thence to the point 22 and ground, causing magnet I) to draw its armature 2-1 to one of its poles.

\Vhen the line-current is interrupted, magnets I and F each discharge induced currents of the same polarity as the line-circuit theretofore passing through thenn This induced current of magnet I passes through the triangular path 23 21 530, while the induced current discharged from magnet I passes through the triangular path 21 22 23. Both of these ind ueed currents therefore flow in the same directiontln'ough the bridge 21 23 and are opposed indirection to the main-line current just before flowing through the bridge. Their combined eli'ect, therefore, is to cause the magnet D to move its armature over to its other pole. The vibrations of the armature I) thus produced control the escapementmagnet E in the following manner: lVhen the armature 24 is against its stop 25, the current oflocal-receiver battery 2 passes from battery through wire g, wire g, armature Q-if wire g coils of magnet E, wire 9 wire g", con-tactspring '26, disk 27, contact spring 28, wire 5 to the positive pole of battery .2', causing the armature of magnet E to move in one of its two directions. When the armature-lever 24 is against its contact-point 2f) the current of battery .2 passes, as before, to armature-lover 24, thence to contact 2!), \vire h, coils of magnet E, wire and thence to the positive pole of battery 2, as before.

The reversal in the direction of movement of the receiving-pen is effected by-the action of magnet J? in the following manner: \Vhen the impulses sent from the transmitting station are of the proper polarity the armature 30 of the magnetl will. be drawn toward its contact point 31, in which position the currentwill pass from the local battery .2" through wire g, wire 2', armaturedever 30, contact 31, wire '6 magnet II, wire 9, die, as before, to the positive pole of battery .2, causing the magnet II to draw up its armature and place the rcversingclutcl; in one of its two positions. hen the polarity of the impulses sent from the transmitting-station is reversed, the armature 30 is brought against its baclc stop 32, the circuit of magnet Ii is broken, its armature is released,and the reversing-clutch assumes its opposite position.

The raising and lowering of the pen at the receiving-station are effected as follows. I have heretofore spoken of the movements of the receiving-pen as controlled by making and breaking the line-circuit. Under 'the term making and breaking, I mean to include the equivalent of an absolute make and break--21 a, a' substantial reduction in strength. The resistances of the left-line circuit are so arranged that at no time when the transmitting-platen is depressed will the circuit be entirely interrupted, but suiiicicnt current will be left on line to cause the relay I at all such times to attract its armature.

The difierence in potential required to cause the successive impulses which control the movements in extent of the receiving-pen is Secured by the resistance It, placed in one of the paths of the line-circuit. This resistance is adjusted to the t'ransmitter-battery strength, so that when it is'in circuit suliieient current will be'on line to actuate magnet I. In the organization shown herein the resistance R is placed at seventy-five ohms. When the transmittiug-platen is in its elevated position, the current is alternately wholly broken and passed through the higher resistance It, which is so adjusted to the strength of the transmittingbattery that when the current passes through the same the strength of the latter will be insuilicient to cause the magnet I to draw up its armature, but will be sufficient to actuate the magnets D and F. It results, of course, from this organization that when the transmitting-platen is in its elevated position the armature of relay 1 will at all times be on its back-stop and when the transmitting-platcn is in its (lepressed position the armature of relay I will at all times be on its front stop.

The pen-raising mechanism at the receiving-station is controlled by the armature of.

relay" I as follows: \Vhcn the latter, 33;, is on its front stop 34, the circuit of local battery .2 is completed through'wircs /.1, armature 33, wire 7. pen-lifting magnet K, wire It", wire g to the positive pole of battery 2, and the receiving-pen rest is lowered. \Vh'en the armature 33 is on its backstop, the circuit of mag net K is broken and the receiving-pen rest elevated by the spring 35.

The shifting of the paper iscllectcd at the transmitter as follows: The right-line circuit is at no time wholly broken, but is alternately closed b the in tcrruuter? without resistance eizseo and through the resistance R which isso adjnsted with reference to the transmitting-bat- [5 x I releases its armature. The shifting of the at the same time 'suflicient current will be at all times on line. when the master-switch is magnet I to draw'iiplifs armature. When it is desired to shift the paper, the masterswitch is shifted until; the contact-springs rest upon the row of contact-plates 36. In this'position of the masterswitch the battery is entirely out off from the line and the relay paper is controlled by the relay 1' as follows:

' battery-z through wire g contact-spring 28,]

When its armature 37 is against its front contact-stop, as is the case while the instrument is employedin transmitting and receiving messages, the circuit of the paper-shifting magnet is broken. This magnet hasja double circuit, as follows: from the positive pole of metal disk 27, and thencethrough two paths, either contact-spring42, wire m, contact-point 41, lever 37,wire'm', coils of magnet M, armature 40, spring 39, contact-point 38, wire m to negative pole of battery 2', or through spring 26, wires m m, contact-point 43, armature le ver 37,wirem ,-&e. as bofore,to the negative pole of battery .2. The disk 27 is furnished with a number of insulating-pins,which successively intervene between. the springs 42 26 and'the disk 27, but do not aifect the connection of spring 28 with the disk. As stated above,,in the normal writing position of the instrument the circuit of magnetM is broken because the spring 42 rests upon one of the insulating-pins .Iflow when the masterswitch at the transmitting-station is shifted, so as to break the line-circuits, magnet I releases its armature and the circuit of magnet M is completed through spring 26, causing the papershifting reelto revolve until the circuit of magnet M isjntcrrupted by the lifting of the spring 26*by one of the insulating-pins on the revolution of the disk 27, which revolves with the paper-shifting mechanism. Then the writing position of the instrument is resumed by the shifting back of the masterswitch, the magnet I on, drawing up its armature again completes the circuit of the" magnet M through the springrl2,which causes -the paper to be further shifted until the circ it of magnet M is broken by the intcrposition of another insulating-pin between the spring 42 and the disk 27, these two movements of the paper shifting the latter through the space ordinarily left between two lines of writing.

Ido not limit myself to the organization shown for transmuting by inductive action the di-rectimpulses sent from-the transmitter into to-and-Ti'rodmpulses for controlling the receiving-.eseapement, as various other organizations,aeeoinnlishing this result may be employed. Neither do l'limit myself to the particulardevices shown for controlling the position of the receiving-pen and for shifting the paper, nor to the particular organiza-v tion of' circnits for reversing the direction of a movement of the receiving-pen, nor to other details of construction and organization.

What is claimed is v graphic messages which consists in transmuting the movements of the transmitting pen ing the movements in. extent of thetransmitting-pen into impulses of successively like polarity, transmuting said impulses into pulsations of opposite polarity by induction,

controlling the movements in extent of the transmitting-pen by meansof said pulsations, and'reversing the direction of movement of the receiving-pen by reversal in the polarity of the impulses sent from the transmitter,

substantially as described.

3. The method of telautographie transmission which consists in'transmnting the movements in extent of, the transmitting-pen into. impulses of successively like polarity, transmuting said impulses by induction into pulsations of successively opposite polarity, controllingthc movements in extent of the receivingpen by said pulsations, reversing the movement of the receiving-pen in direction by changing the polarity of said impulses sent'fromthe transmitter, and performing a supplemental operation at the receiver by means ofachange in strength in one of the. line-currents, substantiallyas described.

4. In atelautographic instrument, the combination of means for sending impulses of like polarity to line dependent in number upon the extent of movement of the transmitting-pen, means for causing the production of induced pulsations through theagency of said direct pulsations, and step-by-stcp mechanism operated in part bysaid induced pulsations andin part by said original diicct pulsations for controlling the movements of the" receiving-pen, substantially as set forth. 5. In atclautographic instrument, the combinationofimeans for sending impulses of like polarity to line dependent'in number upon theextent of movement of the transmitting-pen, means for transforming these impulses by induction into to-and-i'ro pulsa-' Lions, and means for moving the receivingpen step by step in accordance with said pulsations, substantially as described.

6. In a telautographicinstrument, thecom- I bination of means for sending impulses of like polarity to line dependent in number upon the movement in extent of the transmitv 75 1-. The method of transmitting telautoting-pen, means for transforming theseimpulses by induction into to-and-fro pulsations, means for controlling the movements in extent of the receiving-pen by means of said pulsations, means for reversing the po larity of the said impulses sent from the transmitter on reversal in direction of movement of the transmitting-pen, and means for reversing the direction of movement of the receiving-pen controlled by said changes in polarity, substantially as described.

7. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of means for sending to line impulses of like polarity, means for transmuting said impulses by induction into to-andfro pulsations, a polarized magnet for controlling the movements in extent of the receiving-pen by means of said pulsations, a polarized magnet at the receiver for controlling the direction of movement of the receivin g-pen, and means for reversing the polarity of the impulses sent from the transmitter on reversal of the direction of movement of the transmitting-pen, substantially as described.

8. In a two-wire telautographic instrument, the combination of means for sending impulses of like polarity to the transmitter dependent in number upon the movem entin extent of the transmitting-pen, means for trans muting said impulses by induction into toand-fro pulsations, means for controlling the movements in extent of the receiving-pen by means of said pulsations, means for reversing the polarity of. the impulses sent from the transmitter on reversal of the direction of movement of the transmitting-pen, means controlled by said reversal in polarity for reversing the direction of movement of the receivingrpen, and means for performing the supplementaloperations at the receiver by changes in the two line-circuits, substantially as described.

J. In a telautographic instrument, the combinatiomof means for sending to line impulses of like polarity dependent in number upon themovement in extent of the transmitting-pen, the main-line circuit being pro vided with two branches which afterward unite, said branches being provided with in: ductive and non inductive resistances, a bridge for connecting the two, and a magnet controlling the movements in extent of the receiving-pen placed in said bridge, whereby said impulses sent from the transmitter are transm uted in to to-and-t'ro pulsations travers-,

in g said bridge and'controlling through said magnet the movements in extent of the receiving-pen, substantially as described.

10. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of a main-line circuit, a magnet in said circuit for controlling the vertical position of the receiving-pen, means for sending to line impulses of a given strength alternating with interruptions in the circuit for one position of the writing-platen, means for sending to line impulses of another strength altcrnatingavith reductions in the strength witnesses.

the receivingpen, said impulses alternating with currents of reduced strength so as not toaffect the movements in extent of the receiving-pen, a magnet in the main-line circuit at the receiver for controlling the shifting of the paper, said magnet being energized by the main-line current in bothot' its said conditions, and means for interrupting the main-line current when it is desired to shift the paper, substantially as described.

12. In a telautographic instrument, "the combination of means for transmuting the movements of the transmitting-pen into two sets of impulses of successively like polarity dependent in number respectively upon the extent of movement of the pen in each of its two directions of movement, meansfor producing two sets of induced impulses actuated respectively by the said two sets of direct impulses and two mechanisms each operated in part by one of said sets of induced impulses and in part by one of said original sets of di reet impulses,for controlling the movementsof the receiving-pen step by step in its two directions of movement, substantially as set forth.

13. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of means for sendingimpulses of like polarity to two line-wires dependent innumocr respectively upon the extent of movement of the transmitting-pen in each of two directions of motion, means for transforming each set of these impulses by induction into to-and-fro pulsations, and means for controlling the movements in extent of the receiving-pen in two directions by means of said two sets of to-and-fro pulsations respectively, substantially as described.

]4;. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of means for sending impulses of like polarity to line dependent in number upon the extent of movement of the transmitting-pen, means for transforming these impulses by induction into to-and-fro pulsations, an" escapement governing the movement of the receiving-pen in extent, and means for controlling the esoapement through the agency of saidfto and -fro pulsations, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing GEORGE. TIFFALIY. Witnesses:

M. MOSES, Wu. H. Bowman. 

